Many interactive systems are susceptible to misinterpreting the user's input actions or gestures. Interpretation errors are common when systems gather a series of signals from the user and then attempt to interpret the user's intention based on those signals -- e.g., gesture identification from a touchscreen, camera, or body-worn electrodes -- and previous work has shown that interpretation error can cause significant problems for learning new input commands. Error-reduction strategies from telecommunications, such as repeating a command or increasing the length of the input while reducing its expressiveness, could improve these input mechanisms -- but little is known about whether longer command sequences will cause problems for users (e.g., increased effort or reduced learning). We tested performance, learning, and perceived effort in a crowd-sourced study where participants learned and used input mechanisms with different error-reduction techniques. We found that error reduction techniques are feasible, can outperform error-prone ordinary input, and do not negatively affect learning or perceived effort.
https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3491102.3502079
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