Participatory Design and Applications

会議の名前
CHI 2025
Facilitation Skills in Participatory Design
要旨

The democratic and emancipatory principles underpinning Participatory Design (PD) set PD methodology apart from other user-oriented design methodologies associated with Human-Computer Interaction. In turning PD principles into practice, PD facilitators play a vital role. However, at present, there is a lack of understanding regarding skills relevant to enacting the role. To address this issue, we present the results from an interview study involving fourteen respondents with considerable PD facilitation experience. The analysis of the interviews uncovered six facilitation skills of perceived relevance: openness, patience, empathy, attentiveness, responsiveness, and adaptiveness. The significance of each skill, as expressed by respondents, is accounted for. We further discuss the composition of skills in the derived skill set, possible implications of missing skills, and how the findings complement relevant existing work. Drawing on the findings, the paper offers an empirically based qualitative understanding of what constitutes skillful PD facilitation.

著者
Yngve Dahl
NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
Kshitij Sharma
NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
Dag Svanæs
Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
DOI

10.1145/3706598.3713658

論文URL

https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3706598.3713658

動画
Domain Experts, Design Novices: How Community Practitioners Enact Participatory Design Values
要旨

There is a growing interest among researchers to define and promote equitable practices in participatory design (PD). Our work contributes to this research by exploring the values of facilitators with varying professional backgrounds. We conducted interviews with 15 facilitators who are novice in their design background but who possess a range of domain expertise and community memberships. The interviews focused on their experiences leading a series of PD sessions with rural educators, community college instructors, community organization members, and rural librarians. We identified five key values that facilitators saw as fundamental to their PD practice: community and shared culture, co-production of knowledge, respect and non-hierarchy, trust building, and creating practical and sustainable solutions. This study demonstrates how values that are core to PD are refracted through novice facilitators' professional expertise and community membership. We offer two strategies for novice facilitators as they strive to practice more equitable PD.

著者
Eunhye Grace Ko
The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
Rotem Landesman
University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
Jason C. Young
University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
Ahmer Arif
The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
Katie Davis
University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
Angela D. R. Smith
University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
DOI

10.1145/3706598.3714060

論文URL

https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3706598.3714060

動画
Exploring the Fit: Analysing Material Selection for Interactive Markers in MAR Games through Co-Design
要旨

Understanding how different user groups interact and perceive material selection for interactive markers in mobile augmented reality (MAR) games is essential for effective design. This study uses a qualitative approach, incorporating interviews and workshops to examine the preferences and behaviours of designers (N=6) and children (N=8). Designers highlighted the importance of using versatile and environmentally sustainable materials that can be customised for various games. Meanwhile, children’s interactions with these materials revealed challenges such as decision-making pressure and reliance on peer collaboration to navigate unfamiliar materials. The study identified five critical considerations for selecting materials: simplification, customisation, sustainability, balanced creativity, and collaboration. Our results show that while designers prioritise creative potential, user engagement is influenced by material ease and collaboration. This study provides key insights into the design considerations for MAR games, suggesting aligning designer expectations with actual user behaviour for creating successful and immersive MAR experiences.

著者
Vinaya Tawde
Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
Nicol Dostálová
Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
Eliška Cigánová
Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
Simone Kriglstein
Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
DOI

10.1145/3706598.3713717

論文URL

https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3706598.3713717

動画
Participatory AI Considerations for Advancing Racial Health Equity
要旨

Health-related artificial intelligence (health AI) systems are being rapidly created, largely without input from racially minoritized communities who experience persistent health inequities and stand to be negatively affected if these systems are poorly designed. Addressing this problematic trend, we critically review prior work focused on the participatory design of health AI innovations (participatory AI research), surfacing eight gaps in this work that inhibit racial health equity and provide strategies for addressing these gaps. Our strategies emphasize that “participation” in design must go beyond typical focus areas of data collection, annotation, and application co-design, to also include co-generating overarching health AI agendas and policies. Further, participatory AI methods must prioritize community-centered design that supports collaborative learning around health equity and AI, addresses root causes of inequity and AI stakeholder power dynamics, centers relationalism and emotion, supports flourishing, and facilitates longitudinal design. These strategies will help catalyze research that advances racial health equity.

著者
Andrea G. Parker
Google Research, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
Laura M. Vardoulakis
Google Research, Mountain View, California, United States
Jatin Alla
Google, Mountain View, California, United States
Christina Harrington
Google Research , Atlanta, Georgia, United States
DOI

10.1145/3706598.3713165

論文URL

https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3706598.3713165

動画
Participatory Design in Human-Computer Interaction: Cases, Characteristics, and Lessons
要旨

Participatory Design (PD) has become increasingly prevalent in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) research. However, there remains a lack of comprehensive understanding of how PD has been used by HCI scholars. To bridge this gap, we sampled PD application cases (N = 185) from the SIGCHI conferences {over the past decade} and examined these cases through the dimensions of application features (e.g., contexts and functions of PD) and PD principles (e.g., its political commitment and mutual learning principle). Our analysis reveals the various ways PD has been applied in HCI and how its core features have been or have not been manifested in these cases. Based on these findings, we reflect on the conceptual understanding of PD within the HCI community and discuss potential misconceptions. Ultimately, we hope this work can serve as a useful reference for HCI researchers and beyond who are interested in incorporating PD into their design and research practices.

受賞
Honorable Mention
著者
Xiang Qi
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
Junnan Yu
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
DOI

10.1145/3706598.3713436

論文URL

https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3706598.3713436

動画
Preventing Harmful Data Practices by using Participatory Input to Navigate the Machine Learning Multiverse
要旨

In light of inherent trade-offs regarding fairness, privacy, interpretability and performance, as well as normative questions, the machine learning (ML) pipeline needs to be made accessible for public input, critical reflection and engagement of diverse stakeholders. In this work, we introduce a participatory approach to gather input from the general public on the design of an ML pipeline. We show how people's input can be used to navigate and constrain the multiverse of decisions during both model development and evaluation. We highlight that central design decisions should be democratized rather than "optimized" to acknowledge their critical impact on the system's output downstream. We describe the iterative development of our approach and its exemplary implementation on a citizen science platform. Our results demonstrate how public participation can inform critical design decisions along the model-building pipeline and combat widespread lazy data practices.

著者
Jan Simson
LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
Fiona Draxler
University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
Samuel Mehr
University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
Christoph Kern
LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
DOI

10.1145/3706598.3713482

論文URL

https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3706598.3713482

動画
PolicyCraft: Supporting Collaborative and Participatory Policy Design through Case-Grounded Deliberation
要旨

Community and organizational policies are typically designed in a top-down, centralized fashion, with limited input from impacted stakeholders. This can result in policies that are misaligned with community needs or perceived as illegitimate. How can we support more collaborative, participatory approaches to policy design? In this paper, we present PolicyCraft, a system that structures collaborative policy design through case-grounded deliberation. Building on past research that highlights the value of concrete cases in establishing common ground, PolicyCraft supports users in collaboratively proposing, critiquing, and revising policies through discussion and voting on cases. A field study across two university courses showed that students using PolicyCraft reached greater consensus and developed better-supported course policies, compared with those using a baseline system that did not scaffold their use of concrete cases. Reflecting on our findings, we discuss opportunities for future HCI systems to help groups more effectively bridge between abstract policies and concrete cases.

著者
Tzu-Sheng Kuo
Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
Quan Ze Chen
University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
Amy X.. Zhang
University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
Jane Hsieh
Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
Haiyi Zhu
Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
Kenneth Holstein
Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
DOI

10.1145/3706598.3713865

論文URL

https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3706598.3713865

動画