Participatory design is increasingly used to address the negative social impacts of artificial intelligence (AI), aiming for more inclusive and equitable innovation. However, it can inadvertently reproduce injustice and reinforce power imbalances, even with good intentions. While the HCI community is critical of these issues, it remains challenging for AI researchers and policy-makers to act upon these critiques. This paper presents a scoping review of Participatory AI research in HCI discussed through the lens of design justice. The goal is to provide a richer understanding of how current PAI work engages with justice and what the stakes and barriers are to putting justice principles in action. We conclude with raising methodological questions on the roles of researchers and partnership with communities, and the essential but instrumental role of artefacts in supporting knowledge production and social change. The work contributes to a holistic understanding of the current takes and stakes of Participatory AI in critical human-computer interaction research.
ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems