Who is Trusted for a Second Opinion? Comparing Collective Advice from a Medical AI and Physicians in Biopsy Decisions After Mammography Screening

要旨

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into clinical practice, but its influence on patient decision-making, particularly when AI and physicians disagree, remains unclear. To examine collective advice, we investigated a breast cancer screening scenario using (1) a qualitative interview study (N=9) and (2) a quantitative experiment (N=339) where participants received either consistent or conflicting biopsy recommendations. Qualitative findings include the need for empathetic care, the importance of patient autonomy, and a desire for a four-eyes principle. Quantitative findings accordingly show that patients generally trust physicians more than AI but still tend to follow AI recommendations due to risk aversion. When both advised a biopsy, 99% adhered; if both advised against it, 25% still proceeded. In conflicting scenarios, 97% followed the physician’s advice, whereas 66% followed the AI if it recommended the biopsy. These results underscore the need for careful interaction design of collective healthcare advice to prevent unnecessary healthcare procedures.

受賞
Honorable Mention
著者
Henrik Detjen
Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Bremen, Germany
Lars Densky
Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany
Niklas von Kalckreuth
Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Marvin Kopka
Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
DOI

10.1145/3706598.3713898

論文URL

https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3706598.3713898

動画

会議: CHI 2025

The ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (https://chi2025.acm.org/)

セッション: Medical Contexts

G316+G317
7 件の発表
2025-04-30 23:10:00
2025-05-01 00:40:00
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