There Is More to Dwell Than Meets the Eye: Toward Better Gaze-Based Text Entry Systems With Multi-Threshold Dwell

要旨

Dwell-based text entry seems to peak at 20 words per minute (WPM). Yet, little is known about the factors contributing to this limit, except that it requires extensive training. Thus, we conducted a longitudinal study, broke the overall dwell-based selection time into six different components, and identified several design challenges and opportunities. Subsequently, we designed two novel dwell keyboards that use multiple yet much shorter dwell thresholds: Dual-Threshold Dwell (DTD) and Multi-Threshold Dwell (MTD). The performance analysis showed that MTD (18.3 WPM) outperformed both DTD (15.3 WPM) and the conventional Constant-Threshold Dwell (12.9 WPM). Notably, absolute novices achieved these speeds within just 30 phrases. Moreover, MTD’s performance is also the fastest-ever reported average text entry speed for gaze-based keyboards. Finally, we discuss how our chosen parameters can be further optimized to pave the way toward more efficient dwell-based text entry.

著者
Aunnoy K Mutasim
Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Mohammad Raihanul Bashar
Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Christof Lutteroth
University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
Anil Ufuk Batmaz
Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Wolfgang Stuerzlinger
Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
DOI

10.1145/3706598.3713781

論文URL

https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3706598.3713781

動画

会議: CHI 2025

The ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (https://chi2025.acm.org/)

セッション: Text Entry

Annex Hall F205
7 件の発表
2025-04-29 23:10:00
2025-04-30 00:40:00
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